Call for Papers: Smart Applications for Smart Cities: New Approaches to Innovation

 

http://www.openlivinglabs.eu/news/call-papers-smart-applications-smart-cities-new-approaches-innovation

Special issue of the Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research

Guest Editors: Hans Schaffers, Carlo Ratti and Nicos Komninos

The Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research is planning a special issue on Smart Applications for Smart Cities: New Approaches to Innovation.

Cities are complex, networked and continuously changing social ecosystems, shaped and transformed through the interaction of different interests and ambitions. Ensuring employment, sustainable development, inclusion and quality of life are important concerns. Infrastructures of cities, addressing these concerns, comprise a diversity of services such as healthcare, energy, education, environmental management, transportation and mobility, public safety. Increasingly these services are enabled by broadband infrastructures, wireless sensor networks, Internet-based networked applications, open data and open platforms. The concept of “smart cities” has emerged during the last few years to describe how investments in human and social capital and modern ICT infrastructure and e-services fuel sustainable growth and quality of life, enabled by a wise management of natural resources and through participative government (Caragliu, Del Bo, Nijkamp).

However truly smart – and real – cities are driven bottom up by citizens and organizations as innovators rather than by top down visions and plans that ignore the innovative potential of grassroots efforts, while governments should play the role of mediator bringing companies, research organizations and creative people to work in concert (Ratti, Townsend). The connection between smart environments and bottom-up innovation practices in the framework of cities and urban agglomerations is the main focus of the Special Issue. In particular we  explore how collaboration platforms, embedded systems, open data, and semantic web technologies sustain a new round of innovation  driven by the creativity of the population and the collective intelligence of collaboration.

The concept of Living Labs takes its point of departure in the consideration of people as innovators, and envisions environments of open and user driven innovation. As infrastructures and social networks become more advanced and widespread, the role of the Internet as an enabler of city services has  become more important for urban development. Cities are increasingly assuming a critical role as drivers of innovation in areas such as health, inclusion, environment and business, a trend that will surely continue as more people and devices will become part of  the Future Internet even than are connected today. Cities are increasingly becoming a living lab itself, a playground of innovation and transformation.

In this landscape, different traditionally separated streams of scientific research are coming together. New research challenges emerge in and across areas such as urban development and spatial planning, network infrastructure, technology platforms, services and applications, user behaviour, service engineering, innovation theory and urban economics. Also new methodological approaches to research and innovation emerge, such as design science, action research, living labs methodologies, testbed methods and tools, which need a more solid and empirically based foundation in theory as well as in practice. This special issue aims to advance our understanding of the emerging or already more mature research challenges at the cross point of the different areas mentioned. Such understanding will help academics and practitioners to explore new directions and generate knowledge and solutions towards smarter cities.

Subject Coverage 

We specifically encourage papers related to user centered approaches for innovation focusing on smart applications, aiming for a transformation towards smarter cities. Papers may cover smart applications for smart cities, addressing the participative design, implementation and validation aspects. We also solicit methodologically oriented papers on new, non-traditional approaches to citizen-centric innovation for smart cities. Particular topics to be addressed might include, but are not limited to the following :

  • User driven innovation facilitating participative urban development
  • Innovation Labs facilitating urban planning, development and transformation
  • Citizen participation in urban and regional planning and decision-making and governance
  • Internet-enabled infrastructures, services and networked applications for smart cities
  • Smart applications for innovation based on Internet of Things and Internet of Services paradigms
  • Wireless sensor networks and smart sensor-based networked applications in urban areas
  • Cloud computing, service models and smart city solutions enabling innovation
  • Standardisation and open interfaces of smart city systems, platforms and applications
  • Smart applications based on Semantic Web, Linked Data, Ontologies
  • Infrastructures and applications for new public urban services such as water, energy, healthcare, environmental monitoring, traffic management, intelligent transportation, e-government
  • Smart grids for utility infrastructures and services in urban areas
  • E-work and e-business applications
  • Design, implementation and evaluation of smart applications
  • Case studies of user driven innovation for smart(er) cities.

 

Notes for Intending Authors

We are seeking original manuscripts on conceptual and methodological issues related to qualitative research on e-marketing and online consumer behaviour, as well as papers which report on the results of qualitative empirical research in the field.

Submitted papers should not have been previously published nor be currently under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Author guidelines can be found at http://www.jtaer.com/author_guidelines.doc. All submissions will be refereed by at least three reviewers. Submissions should be directed by email to hans.schaffers@aalto.fi with copy to ratti@mit.edu and komninos@urenio.org.

 

For more information, please visit the following web site: http://www.jtaer.com.

 

Important dates

­Full paper submission: 1 May 2012

­Notification of acceptance: 1 July 2012

­Revised submission: 1 August 2012

­Final acceptance notification: 15 August 2012

­Camera ready version of paper: 15 September 2012

­Publication: December 2012

 

Guest Editors

Prof. Hans Schaffers

Aalto University School of Economics

Centre of Knowledge and Innovation Research (CKIR)

http://ckir.aalto.fi

E-mail: hans.schaffers@aalto.fi

 

Prof. Carlo Ratti

MIT Senseable City Laboratory

http://senseable.mit.edu

E-mail: ratti@mit.edu

 

Prof. Nicos Komninos

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Urban and Regional Research Unit (URENIO)

www.urenio.org

E-mail: komninos@urenio.org

 

To recommend JTAER to ISI Thomson Reuters you must fill up a recommendation form in Recommending JTAER with the requested information and submit it.

CFP: Management and Service Science (MASS 2012)

CALL FOR PAPERS

The 6th Int’l Conf. on Management and Service Science (MASS 2012)

Aug.10~12, 2012    Shanghai, China

he 6th International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2012) will be held from August 10~12, 2012 in Shanghai, China. More details please visit conference website: www.massconf.org/2012/

 

The deadline of paper submission is on Feb 10, 2012.

 

We cordially invite you to participate this conference.

 

Publication:

All accepted papers will be included in IEEE Xplore and indexed by Ei Compendex.

IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1241H-CDR

ISBN: 978-1-61284-874-7

Selected outstanding papers from iCBBE2012 will be considered for publishing in relevant journals cited by SCI or Ei Indexed.

 

Topics:

Engineering Management Information and Systems Security
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Theories of Information and System Security
Supply Chain Management Organizational Issues of Information
Human Resource Management The Impact of Regulations on Information Security
Project and Quality Management Economics of Information and System Security
Environment and Energy Management Secure Information Systems Architecture
Service Management Software Agent based Systems in Logistic
Service Sciences The Social Aspects of Information Technology
Service Economy and Policy Knowledge Management
National Infrastructure Management Knowledge Management
E-Commerce and E-Government Semantic Web and Data Mining
E-Commerce Logistic Flows Decision Support System
Decision Support Models and Systems Information System Applications
Mobile Commerce and Business Models Enterprise Information System Integration
Data and Knowledge Visualization Web Services Model and Application
Financial Management The Impact of MIS on Economic Development
Financial Innovation MIS Teaching Methodology
Financial Engineering MIS Curriculum Arrangement
Investment and Financing Information Technology in Education
Risk Management Healthcare Information Systems

 

Important Dates:

Paper submission due:    Feb. 10, 2012

Acceptance notification:   Before Apr. 10, 2012

 

Best Regards,

 

The secretary of MASS

TEL: +86-155 2742 6990

Email: mass@scirp.org

Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan – RFP Book Chapters

Dear Service Scientists/Engineers/Researchers/Educators/Practioners in Japan,

We are looking for your chapter submissions to “Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan”.

With best wishes,
Yuriko Sawatani, Ph.D.
Fellow, Service Science, Management and Engineering, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)

 

P.S. Books for other nations coming soon, for other nations please contact…

Stephen K. Kwan         <stephen.kwan@sjsu.edu>

==========     Service Science: Japan     ===============
Please send us by  Feb. 15th, 2012 , chapter title, authors (indicate which
one is the corresponding author), their affiliations, abstract, some
potential keywords, and the completed chapter. The abstract should be about
200-300 words in length (no more than 1 page) and describe your chapter and
its thematic contribution to the volume.

You can request the Springer Manuscript Guideline file and a sample
chapter from a previous Springer volume that will help you in organizing and
formatting your chapter.

Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have questions and let us know
if we could be of further assistance.

Regards,
Yuriko Sawatani         <y2sawata@jst.go.jp>

Stephen K. Kwan         <stephen.kwan@sjsu.edu>

Jim C. Spohrer         <spohrer@almaden.ibm.com>

Global Service Jam – 48 hours to change the world

On 24 February, 2012, people who are interested in service and using a design-based approach to problem solving and creativity will meet all over the globe. In a spirit of experimentation, co-operation and friendly competition, teams will have 48 hours to develop brand new services inspired by a shared theme. On Sunday at 3pm, they publish them to the world.

 

For More Information:

http://www.globalservicejam.org/

 

Journal of Service Research Special Issue on IT-Related Service: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

Journal of Service Research calls for submissions for a special interdisciplinary issue on IT-related service. Much of the radical transformation of the world economy from an industrial to a post-industrial service society comes from the contribution of information technology (IT) to service sectors and from IT as service. This special issue is multidisciplinary in nature as many disciplines play a role in the service economy. We invite scholars from marketing, information systems, operations management, human resources, finance/accounting, economics, and organizational research to submit papers on IT-related service. We are particularly interested in papers that consider the productivity and quality of IT-related service and focus on the relationship with customers (including B2C, B2B and C2C), in contrast to technology-centered approaches to service management and business interaction. Papers that include empirical, analytical, and conceptual approaches that develop or extend theory are welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

– IT’s role in providing cost-effective service
– IT mediated or supported self-service
– IT-related service productivity, quality, and customer satisfaction
– IT servitization
– IT-related service innovations and business transformation
– IT-related service management and marketing
– IT-related service value networks
– IT service, customer service, and service satisfaction
– IT-related service and consumer behavior
– IT-related service and employee attitudes and behavior
– IT-related service economics and pricing
– IT-related service engineering, systems, and computing

We expect this special issue to lead to significant cross-fertilization across fields and, therefore, to particularly high impact for the papers. The issue is sponsored by the National Science Council of Taiwan and the Center for Excellence in Service at the University of Maryland. The best paper will receive a first-place award of $2,000, and up to three additional papers will receive honorable-mention awards of $1,000 each. In addition, each award will include an invitation for the paper to be presented at the Frontiers in Service Conference in 2013 (with complementary registration) that will coincide with the publication of the special issue.

Please submit manuscripts to http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/journsr  and designate “Special Issue on IT-Related Service.”

New Submission Deadline: April 1, 2012; Expected Publication Date: August 2013

Editor
Katherine N. Lemon, Boston College

Guest Co-editors
Ming-Hui Huang, National Taiwan University
Roland T. Rust, University of Maryland

Case Studies in Service Innovation Workshop (CSSI’12)

Case Studies in Service Innovation Workshop (CSSI’12)

26th June 2012

In conjunction with 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE’12), Gdańsk, Poland http://www.caise2012.univ.gda.pl/

 

The workshop is organised by

Centre for Service Research, University of Manchester, UK

Informatics Research Centre, Henley Business School, UK

UK Chapter, Service Research and Innovation Institute (www.thesrii.org)

 

The aim of the workshop is to bring together contributions from researchers and practitioners to better understand service innovation through real life case studies. The workshop seeks to address the underlying theories, models, and tools that contribute to innovation, how it works in practice and how its impact is evaluated. The workshop will add to the wider understanding of how service innovation occurs and will seek to stimulate learning from one context to another.

 

In this workshop we are calling for real-life case studies of Service Innovation. Experience has shown that innovation may be driven by new architectures or information services but real business benefit is often not fully achieved without accompanying process innovation, organisational change or wider innovation management. The workshop will address the complexity of service innovation and hence contribute to a key objective of the CAiSE 2012 conference, that is, to illustrate the need for new transdisciplinary ways of thinking.

 

Case studies in Service Innovation can include but are not limited to the following areas:

  • Innovation at the convergence of manufacturing and services
  • Consumer led innovation or consumers as part of the innovation process
  • Innovative services associated with sustainability and resource efficiency
  • Service innovation in the public sector or voluntary sector
  • Service innovation in education and government
  • Technology led service innovation
  • Service innovation that improves productivity and business performance
  • Service innovation that improves the quality of life
  • Example of small business service innovation

 

KEY DATES

 

Submission of the case for review                                                            March 11, 2012

Notification of acceptance                                                                           April 6, 2012

Final submission                                                                                               April 30, 2012

Workshop                                                                                                           June 26, 2012

 

SUBMISSION GUIDELINES

 

Papers should be submitted in PDF format via EasyChair https://www.easychair.org/conferences/?conf=cssi12. Submissions must conform to Springer’s LNCS format (see http://www.springer.com/computer/lncs?SGWID=0-164-6-791344-0) and should not exceed six (6) pages, including all text, figures and references.

 

Submissions should provide a description of the context in which the innovation occurred, the opportunity that led to the innovation and an overview of the innovation itself. It should also address how success was measured, what success has been achieved to date and links to further information and related references. The suggested contents of each submission are as follows:

  • Background/Context
  • The Opportunity
  • Description of the Innovation
  • How is success measured?
  • What success has been achieved to date
  • Links to further information

 

The workshop will be organised around five major themes each reflecting recognised sources of service innovation (see http://www.ssmenetuk.org/“>www.ssmenetuk.org). The five themes are:

 

Theme 1:       Business Model Innovation: Service innovation through new ways of creating, delivering or capturing value (economic, social, environmental or other types of value).

 

Theme 2:       The Organisation in its Environment: Service innovation through an organisation engaging beyond its own boundaries, for example through public private partnerships; sourcing knowledge externally; innovation networks; open or distributed innovation.

 

Theme 3:       Innovation Management within an Organisation: Service innovation through an organisation actively encouraging innovation within its own boundaries, for example through project teams, internal governance of innovation, methods or tools that stimulate innovation.

 

Theme 4:       Process Innovation: Service innovation through changes in service design and delivery processes, for example through consumer-led innovation or consumers as part of the innovation process, service operations management, educational processes.

 

Theme 5:       Technology Innovation: Service innovation through the use of technology, for example through ICT-enabled innovation, ICTs that are themselves innovative and support the delivery of new services, new ICT services, new ways of delivering services associated with ICT products, technology other than ICT.

 

Accepted cases will be included in the proceedings published by the workshop organisers and will be available at the SSMEnetUK website. The best and extended workshop papers will be published in a special issue of the http://www.igi-global.com/journal/international-journal-information-system-modeling/1157/” target=”_blank”>International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design; In addition, selected and extended papers will also be published in Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy http://www.springer.com/series/8080“>http://www.springer.com/series/8080 book series.

 

 

WORKSHOP ORGANISERS

 

Babis Theodoulidis (mailto:b.theodoulidis@manchester.ac.uk“>b.theodoulidis@manchester.ac.uk)

Centre for Service Research, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, UK

 

Linda Macaulay (mailto:lindamacaulay2@btinternet.com“>lindamacaulay2@btinternet.com)

Centre for Service Research, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, UK

 

Yin Leng Tan (mailto:y.l.tan@henley.reading.ac.uk“>y.l.tan@henley.reading.ac.uk)

Informatics Research Centre, Henley Business School, University of Reading, UK

 

PROGRAMME COMMITTEE

 

Youakim Badr, INSA Lyon, France

Pere Botella, Universita Polytecnica de Catalunya, Spain

Hansjoerg Fromm, Karlruhe Institute of Technology, Germany

Kazuyoshi Hidaka, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

Pedro Hidalgo, University of Chile, Chile

Kecheng Liu, Henley Business School, UK

Vaughan Michell, Henley Business School, UK

Ian Miles, Manchester Business School, UK

Hamid Motahari-Nezhad, Hewlett-Packard, USA

Steve Street, IBM Global Technology Services, UK

Marja Toivonen, VTT Technical Research Centre, Finland

Jennifer Wilby, Hull University Business School, UK

Hossein Seif Zadeh, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia

Liping Zhao, University of Manchester, UK

 

 

 

 

Dr Yin Leng Tan

Business Informatics, Systems and Accounting | Henley Business School | University of Reading

Room G23, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UR, UK

t: +44(0)118 378 4032

Call for Proposals — Hosting the 2014 Frontiers in Service Conference

The INFORMS Service Science section and the American Marketing Association’s Service Special Interest Group (SERVSIG) welcome proposals to host the 23rd Annual Frontiers in Service Conference in 2014.  At this point we just need an initial expression of interest, including the proposed venue, proposed conference co-chairs, and a brief summary of the institution’s and chairs’ past experience in hosting conferences.  A more detailed proposal will be solicited later from a select group of applicants.  The conference will likely be held in late June or early July of 2014. The conference has been held in several different countries around the world, but we anticipate that the 2014 conference will be held in the United States.  The Frontiers Conference is the world’s leading annual service research conference, and annually draws 200-300 attendees from 35-40 countries.  Presenting at the Frontiers Conference is highly selective, with fewer that half of all submissions being accepted.  The conference draws a lively mix of  both academics and practitioners, from a variety of backgrounds and functional disciplines.  The conference is sponsored by INFORMS, the AMA, and the University of Maryland’s Center for Excellence in Service.  The conference also typically has corporate and/or governmental sponsors–e.g., IBM is a major sponsor of the 2012 conference.  For more information about the Frontiers in Service Conference, see http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/frontiersconference/.  To express interest or to get more information about hosting the 2014 conference, please contact Roland Rust at rrust@rhsmith.umd.edu.  We would like to receive initial expressions of interest by February 20.  For more information about the INFORMS Service Science Section, please contact Greg Heim at gheim@mays.tamu.edu, and for more information about AMA SERVSIG please contact Sabine Moeller at sabine.moeller@ebs.edu.

Roland T. Rust
Distinguished University Professor and David Bruce Smith Chair in Marketing
Executive Director, Center for Excellence in Service<br>
Executive Director, Center for Complexity in Business

Department of Marketing
Robert H. Smith School of Business
3451 Van Munching Hall
University of Maryland
College Park, MD  20742-1815
301-405-4300 TEL
301-405-0146 FAX
rrust@rhsmith.umd.edu
http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu

Through-life Engineering Services (TESConf 2012)

1st International Conference on Through-life Engineering Services (TESConf 2012)

– Enduring and Cost Effective Engineering Solutions for the 21st Century

5-6 November 2012
Shrivenham Campus, Cranfield University, UK

URL: http://www.through-life-engineering-services.org/tesconf/

Submission of session/tutorial and paper abstract proposals (max 500
words with title, full details of the authors and their contact details):
15th February 2012

Successful high technology UK manufacturing companies are offering a
range of interlinked high value products and through-life engineering services.
High value products are typically technology intensive, expensive
and reliability critical requiring costeffective and value led services (such as maintenance, repair and overhaul)
throughout the life cycle. The newly formed EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Through-life Engineering Services is delighted
to announce the first International Conference in this vital area.

Through-life Engineering Services typically now generates 50 – 60% of the revenue in
many companies and the opportunities for industry in the future are set to expand and become a
major part of those that want to survive in the 21st Century. The service that is needed will involve manufacturers
taking more whole life service responsibilities than they have in the past as users seek to find solutions to smooth their
in-year costs and reduce overheads. The Conference will bring experts and researchers in this area together to exchange
ideas and progress in providing solutions to provide world-class capability to enable industry to deliver high value
products with outstanding availability, predictability and reliability with the lowest life cycle cost.

====================================================================================

————————————————-

Professor Rajkumar Roy
Head of Manufacturing and Materials Department
Director, The EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Through-life Engineering Services

Cranfield University
Building 70
Cranfield, Bedford
MK43 0AL
UK

Tel: +44 (0)1234 758555; Fax: +44 (0)1234 758292
Email: r.roy@cranfield.ac.uk or r.roy@ieee.org

URL: http://www.cranfield.ac.uk/sas/aboutus/staff/royr.jsp

Web Business Operations Management

The new book covers the following topics:

Systems Theory for Business Operations
Usability
Innovation
Decision Making
Technology Across the Value Chain
Electronic Storefronts
Quality
Process Effectiveness
Project Definition
Project Planning
Project Scheduling and Cost Control
Auditing
The new book “Web Business Operations Management”, is about management of successful web businesses. The failures of many Web start ups are caused by trying too hard — at the wrong things. By focusing on functional efficiency, we lose sight of the real goal of innovation: to learn that which is currently unknown. As Denning taught, what matters is not setting quantitative goals but fixing the method by which those goals are attained. We are just beginning to uncover the rules that govern entrepreneurship, a method that can improve the odds of startup success, and a systematic approach to building new and innovative products. This in no way diminishes the traditional entrepreneurial virtues: the primacy of vision, the willingness to take bold risks, and the courage required in the face of overwhelming odds. Our society needs the creativity and vision of entrepreneurs more than ever. In fact, it is precisely because these are such precious resources that we cannot afford to waste them.

 

This intersting new book is now available at:

https://www.createspace.com/3719868

http://www.amazon.com/Web-Business-Operations-Management-businesses/dp/1467912719/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1324736840&sr=1-2

The Changing Frontier: Rethinking Science and Innovation Policy

With the 1945 publication of Science: The Endless
Frontier, Vannevar Bush established an
intellectual architecture that helped define a
set of public science institutions that were
dramatically different from what came before yet
largely remain in place today.  Now, at the start
of the 21st century, many aspects of the science
and innovation system ­ from its organization and
scale to the role of geography, networks, and
legal institutions ­ have witnessed important
changes, with potentially substantial
implications for the design of science policy and
institutions both today and in the decades ahead.

With funding from the National Bureau of Economic
Research and the Erwin Marion Kauffman
Foundation, the conference and subsequent volume
will explore two overarching questions: (1) what
are the critical dimensions of change in science
and innovation systems, and (2) what are the
implications of these changes for policies and
institutions in the 21st Century?
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

* The influence of increasing market scale
and globalization on the demand for and supply of innovations;
* Innovation in financing, such as venture
capital, and the role of entrepreneurship in driving innovation;
* Changes in the knowledge production
function, including the human and physical
capital intensity of R&D, changes in the salient
features of the scientific workforce, and the implications of new research
tools;
* Shifts in the geography of R&D, including
regional and international dimensions, the
implications of shifting geography for where the
returns to R&D are captured, and analysis of the evolving forces that
shape agglomeration and collaboration tendencies;
* Changes in intellectual property regimes
and their use, with particular reference to its
impact on licensing and alliances;
* Changes in public views of science;
* How information technology and digitization
are impacting the production and diffusion of knowledge;
* The evolving roles of different research
institutions (including government agencies,
universities, and the private sector) in
regional, national or global innovation systems,
including changes in the relative
scale of these types of institutions, the
organizational forms these institutions take, the
incentive mechanisms these institutions provide,
and the ways these institutions interact;
* Unique features of “new” innovative sectors
(e.g., biotech, clean energy, nanotech, and
mobile broadband) and any implications for innovation policy; and
* Interactions among the above.

This list of topics is intentionally broad and
open-ended, and is meant to simply highlight some
of the many possible areas witnessing substantive
changes in the science and innovation process
that may also raise important questions for policy and institutional design.

Interested authors are encouraged to submit a
2-page research proposal that includes an
abstract of the intended paper, an outline of the
methodologies to be used, and a brief statement
about the current state of the research project.
The research proposals are to be submitted by
April 15, 2012 to
http://www.nber.org/confsubmit/backend/cfp?id=RSIPf12.
Accepted papers will ultimately be published together in an edited volume.

Authors will be notified of acceptance by May 6,
2012.  A pre-conference is scheduled to be held
in Cambridge, MA on October 26 and 27, 2012, and
the formal conference will be scheduled for
summer 2013.  Authors of accepted papers will be
reimbursed for regular transportation expenses
for both the pre-conference and conference, and
receive an honorarium of $7500 for timely
submission of the draft and final manuscripts.

Conference Organizers

Adam Jaffe, Brandeis University and NBER
Ben Jones, Northwestern University and NBER